Tuesday 8 December 2009

COPPER TRADE WITH THE OLD WORLD (Poverty Point, NE Louisiana)

Email: drsrmdejonge@hotmail.com ----- October 26, 2009 ----- Dr. R.M. de Jonge ©, drsrmdejonge@hotmail.com ----- In 2006 Mr. J. Bonds published a book entitled "Art of the Ancient Caddo" (Ref.1). It contains beautiful photographs of fine Caddoan art pieces, including pottery, stone, and flint. The Caddo Indians lived at the corners of Southern Oklahoma, Western Arkansas, and Northeast Texas, and their culture flourished between 700 and 1200 AD. However, their oldest art is found in Louisiana, east of this area, which indicates they originated there. Fig.1 shows a different type of pot from the surroundings of Poverty Point, in Northeast Louisiana. It does not resemble the typical art of the Caddo Indians at all. On the contrary, the pattern is typically megalithic, descended from a dispersed culture that finished in North America c.500 BC (Refs.2-5). Note how careful this artifact was made. Let us investigate whether the pot-patterns tell an important story about this earlier time period. ----- The pot has three groups of concentric circles, referring to the Mississippi Delta, at 30°N. The three groups also refer to the site of Poverty Point, three degrees higher, at 30+3= 33°N. Both geographic areas were important in the ancient, international copper trade (Refs.6-8). The copper was shipped to the archipellago of the Azores, in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean (Refs.10,11). The three groups of circles correspond to the three island groups of the Azores, the West, Central, and East Azores. From there most of the copper was transported to the Eastern Mediterranean. The three groups also correspond to the Nile Delta, at 30°N. It was the economic center of Egypt, the greatest civilization on Earth. ----- The circular group of lines, shown in fig.1, consists of nine concentric rings. These encode the nine islands of the Azores, as well as the West Azores, nine degrees above the Mississippi Delta, at 30+9= 39°N. They also refer to the density of copper, 9 g/cm3 (nine times heavier than water). Above the round groups are eight or nine parallel lines, encoding Keweenaw Peninsula, Upper Michigan, eight degrees above the West Azores, at 39+8= 47°N, and Isle Royale, Lake Superior, nine degrees higher, at 39+9= 48°N. These are the areas with the richest copper mines on Earth (Refs.6-9). The nine parallel circles, higher on the pot, confirm the density of copper, nine times heavier than water. ----- Most of the copper was shipped via the Mississippi River to the south. The rest was transported via the Saint Lawrence River to the east. As confirmed elsewhere (Ref.12), important latitudes indicate the relative quantities. The Mississippi Delta, at 30°N, shows that 3/5 (or 60%) of the copper was shipped along the Mississippi to the south. The mouth of the Saint Lawrence River (or Isle Royale) is located about twenty degrees higher, at 30+20= c.50°N. It shows that 2/5 (or 40%) of the copper was transported to the east. ----- It appears, that between the groups of circles are concentric rectangles, which resemble the upper parts of copper ingots. Fig.1 shows four concentric ingots. However, the innermost ingot is special. It consists of two vertical lines, which count for two (literally). The whole group contains eight vertical lines. So, this group encodes a total number of 24 million ingots (24,000,000, a number of eight figures). Lower on the photo (fig.1) a third line appears between the two vertical strokes. It confirms the total number of almost 25 million ingots. It was the total copper export to the Old World (Refs.12-14). ----- Copper ingots with masses varying from 10 to 30 kg have been found by archaeologists. So, in order to calculate the export, we have to establish the mass of the Standard Ingot according to this particular pot. The eight vertical lines in the group belong to five different objects. So, the mass of the Standard Ingot appears to be 80,000 carats (a number of five figures). For a long time past both noble metals, silver and gold, were weighed in units of carats, corresponding with 0.20 gram. The carat is the constant mass of a seed of the St. John’s bread or carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua). So, the mass of the Standard Ingot was 80x0.20= 16 kg (35 pounds) (Refs.12-14). ----- It means, that the overall export of copper across the Ocean appears to have been (24x16=) c.384,000 tons (850 million pounds). It has been estimated by others in the field, that a total a-mount of 250 to 500 thousand tons of copper had disappeared from the mining area (Refs.6,7). So, our conclusion is that its destination can now be understood. The transport of copper happened between the start of the Fifth Dynasty (after the discovery of America), and the end of the Nineteenth Dynasty. The nine concentric circles and the four concentric rectangles (ingots) confirm these 9+4= 13 centuries of copper trade between North America and the Old World (2500 to 1200 BC). ----- The four concentric ingots belong to five different objects. However, the three outer ingots have similar shapes. These confirm, that 3/5 (or 60%) of the copper was shipped to the Mississippi Delta, at 30°N. The innermost ingot consists of two verticle lines. These confirm, that 2/5 (or 40%) of the copper was transported to the mouth of the Saint Lawrence River, twenty degrees higher, at 30+20= 50°N (Refs.12-14). ----- The highest concentric circle of the pot represents Isle Royale, Lake Superior, at 48°N. The neck and the spout of the pot symbolize the abundance of copper in Upper Michigan. However, the neck also represents the north coast of Lake Superior, at 49°N, and the spout encodes the latitude of 50°N. It is symbolic for the Fifth Dynasty, when America was first reached via the Atlantic (Refs.2,15-17). The neck below it is symbolic for the Sixth Dynasty, the last one of the Old Kingdom. ----- The upper concentric circles now symbolize the dynasties of the First Intermediate Period, the Middle Kingdom, and the Second Intermediate Period until the Fifteenth, of Hyksos Dynasty. The four concentric ingots symbolize the period up to and including the Nineteenth Dynasty. The patterns show, that the international copper trade finished at the end of this dynasty, which is a remarkable message (Refs.6-9,12). ----- When counting was continued with the concentric circles at the left side (fig.1), the dot in the center would be 15+8= #23, corresponding with the Tropic of Cancer, at 23°N. It is the holy line of the Sun religion, which predicts the everlasting presence of the SunGod Ra. Below this God were two other gods, Horus and Osiris. The kings and pharaohs of Egypt were the sub-stitutes of these two, lower gods (Refs.2,8). It should be realized, that during the whole time period of the copper trade, America was part of the Egyptian Empire. During the Old Kingdom, symbolized by the spout and the neck of the pot, this hugh empire was called ‘Atlantis’. It disappeared in the waves during the Biblical Flood. -----

Fig.1 Ceramic pot from the surroundings of Poverty Point, NE Louisiana. The megalithic patterns on the pot appear to tell the story of the export of copper ingots to the Old World. (first millennium BC, Ref.1). ----- References 1. Bonds, J. and Efird, J., Art of the Ancient Caddo, Grove Hill Publishing (2006) 2. De Jonge, R.M., and Wakefield, J.S., How the Sungod Reached America, c.2500 BC, A Guide to Megalithic Sites, MCS Inc., 2002 (ISBN 0-917054-19-9). Available: MCS Inc., Box 3392, Kirkland, Wa 98083, also on CD. Website: www.howthesungod.com 3. De Jonge, R.M., and Wakefield, J.S., “The Discovery of the Atlantic Islands”, Ancient American, Vol.13, No.81, pgs.18-25 (2008) 4. De Jonge, R.M., and Wakefield, J.S., “A Nautical Center for Crossing the Ocean, America’s Stonehenge, New Hampshire, c.2200 BC”, Migration & Diffusion, Vol.4, No.15, pgs.60-100 (2003) 5. De Jonge, R.M., and Wakefield, J.S., “The Three Rivers Petroglyph, A Guidepost for River Travel in America, c.1500 BC”, Migration & Diffusion, Vol.3, No.12, pgs.74-100 (2002) 6. Rydholm, C.F., Michigan Copper, The Untold Story, Winter Cabin Books, Marquette, 2006 (ISBN 0-9744679-2-8) 7. Drier, R.W., and Du Temple, O.J., Prehistoric Copper Mining in the Lake Superior Region, A Collection of Reference Articles, published privately, 1961, and reprinted in 2005 8. Wakefield, J.S., and De Jonge, R.M., Rocks & Rows, Sailing Routes across the Atlantic and the Copper Trade, MCS Inc, 2010 (ISBN 0-917054-20-2). Available: MCS Inc, Box 3392, Kirkland, Wa USA 98033. 9. De Jonge, R.M., and Wakefield, J.S., “The Embden Dragon Petroglyph, A Copper Trading Route of the Bronze Age (Kennebec River, Embden, Maine, c.1500 BC)”, Midwestern Epi-graphic Journal, Vol.18/9, pgs. 56-82, 2004-5 (ISSN 1932-5703) 10. Casson, L., Ships and Seafaring in Ancient Times, British Museum Press, 1994 (ISBN 0-7141-1735-8) 11. Wachsmann, S., Seagoing Ships and Seamanship in the Bronze Age Levant, College Sta-tion, Texas, 1998 12. De Jonge, R.M., “The Battersea Shield (River Thames, London, c.190 BC)”, to be published 13. De Jonge, R.M., “Petroglyph of a Sailing Boat (Copper Harbor, Upper Michigan, c.1640 BC)”, to be published 14. De Jonge, R.M., The Phaistos Disc Decoded, New Testimony of a Lost Civilization, Midwestern Epigraphic Journal, Vol.20, 111-115 (2006), and Vol.21, 74-80 (2007), to be published 15. De Jonge, R.M., “The Discovery of Three Continents (Santo Stefano, North Sardinia, Italy, c. 2300 BC)”, Ancient American, Vol.12, No.76, pgs.28-29 (2007) 16. De Jonge, R.M., “Houghtons Petroglyph (Copper Country, Michigan, 2500-1200 BC)”, to be published 17. De Jonge, R.M., and Wakefield, J.S., “Greenland, Bridge between the Old and New World, c.2500 BC”, Ancient American, Vol.11, No.67, pgs.12-20 (2006)

45 comments:

  1. Epic Research teaches its customers all the possible ways to gain profit in copper trading.

    ReplyDelete
  2. Ways & Works Consulting is an ISO 9001:2015 certified HR Consulting Firm, Manpower Recruitment and Practical Training firm career with an aim to provide value aided service to employersTop Manpower Recruitement company in india . with an in-depth understanding of their requirements. We are working as a perfect bridge between the employer and employee to fulfil their needs by placing the best suitable at place.

    ReplyDelete
  3. It took a while to understand all the comments, but I really enjoyed the article. It turned out to be really helpful for me and I'm positive for all the reviewers here! It's always nice to be able to not only be informed, but also entertained! I'm sure you enjoyed writing this article.

    Business Analytics Course in Bangalore

    ReplyDelete
  4. This is my first time visiting here. I found a lot of funny things on your blog, especially your discussion. From the tons of comments on your posts, I guess I'm not the only one who has all the free time here. Keep up the good work. I was planning to write something like this on my website and you gave me an idea. Tableau Course in Bangalore

    ReplyDelete
  5. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  6. Interesting post. I Have Been wondering about this issue, so thanks for posting. Pretty cool post.It 's really very nice and Useful post.Thanks
    digital marketing courses in hyderabad with placement

    ReplyDelete
  7. If you are looking for Illinois license plate sticker renewals online, you have to go to the right place. We have the fastest Illinois license plate sticker renewals in the state.

    Digital Marketing Course in Bangalore

    ReplyDelete
  8. I want to say thanks to you. I have bookmark your site for future updates.
    data science training

    ReplyDelete
  9. This is a fantastic website and I can not recommend you guys enough. best data science institute in delhi

    ReplyDelete
  10. Impressive. Your story always bring hope and new energy. Keep up the good work.
    full stack web development course

    ReplyDelete
  11. JSR DigiMarketing - Course Page Content

    Digital Marketing Course can be a vital tool to cultivate your career and business. In this course work, you will discover what is online marketing, why it is significant, how all businesses are turning from traditional marketing to this online branding.

    For more details, visit our website -

    Best & Affordable Digital Marketing Course in Chennai

    ReplyDelete
  12. Very informative message! There is so much information here that can help any business get started with a successful social media campaign!

    Data Science Training Institutes in Bangalore

    ReplyDelete
  13. This is an awesome article, Given such an extraordinary measure of data in it, These sort of articles keeps the customers excitement for the site, and keep sharing more ... favorable circumstances.
    토토사이트

    ReplyDelete
  14. Great work ! This is the type of information that are supposed to be shared across the internet. 토토

    ReplyDelete
  15. It's late discovering this demonstration. At any rate, it's a thing to be acquainted with that there are such occasions exist. I concur with your Blog and I will have returned to investigate it more later on so please keep up your demonstration.

    ReplyDelete
  16. It's like you've got the point right, but forgot to include your readers. Maybe you should think about it from different angles.


    Data Science Course in Erode

    ReplyDelete
  17. Wow! This can be one particular of the most beneficial blogs We have ever arrive across on this subject. 릴게임

    ReplyDelete
  18. This is my first time i visit here. I found so many entertaining stuff in your blog, especially its discussion. From the tons of comments on your articles, I guess I am not the only one having all the leisure here! Keep up the good work. I have been meaning to write something like this on my website and you have given me an idea. data scientist course in kanpur

    ReplyDelete

  19. Learn to build powerful models to solve business problems by generating useful insights and discover the various scientific processes and methods used to transform the information available in huge datasets into meaningful results. master all the tools and techniques in Data Science and gain domain-specific knowledge which will help you to add more value to your profile. Sign up for the Data Science course in Bangalore with Placements and multiple your chances of working across all industries and job functions.
    Data Science Course in Bangalore

    ReplyDelete
  20. Gain expertise in the relevant and current practices, challenges, and research involved in the field of Data Science. Learn all the skills from non-coding essentials to data science and machine learning by enrolling in the Data Science course in Bangalore. Using real data sets across a range of domains enhances your skills in supervised and unsupervised learning, neural networks, sampling techniques, support vector machines, and more. Get certified in Data Science to get one step ahead towards a lucrative career.
    Data Science in Bangalore

    ReplyDelete
  21. Thanks a million and please keep up the effective work . 파워볼전용놀이터

    ReplyDelete
  22. And I hope that other readers will also experience how I feel after reading your article. I found this one pretty fascinating and it should go into my collection. Very good work! 오래된토토사이트순위

    ReplyDelete
  23. I like visiting your site sincy you write and share your niche! Very interesting and different! Keep it coming! 안전놀이터추천

    ReplyDelete
  24. I like visiting your site since I always come across interesting courses like this one. Great Job, I greatly appreciate that. Do Keep sharing! Attractive blog post, the nation's a truly nice web log that you have got these, compete the best get the job done, can be once again. Very informative post! There is a lot of information here that can help any business get started with a successful social networking campaign. Believe it or not, it is the sort of info I've long been attempting to discover. It matches my needs a lot. Thanks for creating this details. I love the way you write and share your niche! Very interesting and different! Keep it coming! 안전놀이터 추천

    ReplyDelete
  25. I also think that hard work is the most important aspect of getting success. 슈어맨배너

    ReplyDelete
  26. Constantly keep it up! What’s up to every one, the contents present at this internet web site are in fact first rate for human beings. Its my first event to commenting anyplace, after i read this piece of writing 가입머니 즉시지급

    ReplyDelete
  27. We’re a set of volunteers and beginning a brand new scheme in our community. 코인카지노

    ReplyDelete
  28. when you are reareserve up the once i look at your weblog in chrome, it seems nice but while commencing. 메이저 토토사이트

    ReplyDelete
  29. The making a bet approaches additionally fluctuate amongst numerous poker video video games. 바카라사이트

    ReplyDelete
  30. You cann’t believe truly how a whole lot time i had spent for this information! Thank you! 온라인바둑이

    ReplyDelete
  31. Greetings! Very useful advice in this unique put up! It’s the little changes that produce the maximum essential modifications. Many thanks for sharing! Terrific blog!! Thank for providing notable statistics. Honestly pretty beneficial facts handy here. In case you are looking for mission assist then you may go to our web site…. 먹튀사이트주소

    ReplyDelete
  32. Please preserve sharing extra this kind of weblog. 안전토토사이트추천

    ReplyDelete
  33. right here every one is sharing these types of know-how, therefore it’s exceptional to examine this internet website, and that i 가입머니 신청

    ReplyDelete
  34. Thanks for this intelligent post on data science. The statistics and data presented here are accurate, which is always a pleasure to read. This post definitely has something in it for data science newbies and experts, which, in itself is a difficult feat to achieve. I would strongly recommend this post to anybody who wants to know something about data science and its current trends.mlops training

    ReplyDelete
  35. I wholeheartedly congratulate the writer of this post for explaining the difficult concepts of data science in a simple and easy-to-understand manner. My only regret is that I didn’t read this post earlier. I have made many career decisions in my life after reading this, and have no regrets whatsoever to date.data science course in KL

    ReplyDelete